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Canada Immigration Programs
Pathways for Immigration of Skilled Workers
Canada's Immigration Levels Plan targets the admission of more than 400,000 immigrants every year, with about 60 percent of them being skilled workers. The primary pathways for skilled workers to immigrate to Canada are through the Express Entry application management system, followed by the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP), Quebec's skilled worker programs, and some other targeted federal programs.
Skilled workers can migrate to Canada with their immediate family members, who also receive permanent resident status. The eligible family members include spouses, common-law partners, dependent children, and dependent children of dependent children.
The Express Entry system is the primary method for managing skilled worker applications through Canada's three main economic class immigration programs: Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP), Canadian Experience Class (CEC), and Federal Skilled Trades Program (FSTP). Eligible candidates can create a profile on the federal government's website and are assigned a Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) score based on their age, education, language skills, and work experience.
Provincial Nominee Program (PNP)
The Provincial Nominee Programs (PNP) allow Canada's provinces and territories, with the exception of Quebec and Nunavut, to nominate individuals who want to immigrate to Canada and settle in a particular province. The PNP is responsible for over 100,000 immigrants being welcomed to Canada each year.
Each province has its own selection criteria for identifying eligible candidates. PNP uses Expression of Interest (EOI) systems, like Express Entry, to invite high-scoring candidates in regular draws.
To apply for PNP, you don't need to have an Express Entry profile. You can apply directly to a PNP base stream. Enhanced streams are also available, which are aligned with Express Entry. Applying through an enhanced stream gives you more options and awards Express Entry candidates an additional 600 Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) points. This substantially increases the chances of receiving an invitation to apply for permanent residence in a subsequent Express Entry draw.
Quebec Immigration
The province of Quebec in Canada has its own distinct immigration system, which operates independently of the federal government's Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) programs, as well as separate from the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP). Individuals who are selected to immigrate to Quebec are granted a Quebec Selection Certificate (CSQ), or Certificate de selection du Québec, issued by Quebec's Ministry of Immigration.
There are several immigration programs through which individuals can apply for a CSQ to immigrate to Quebec. These include:
1. Quebec Skilled Worker Program (QSWP): This program is designed for skilled workers who wish to become permanent residents of Canada by immigrating to Quebec.
2. Quebec Experience Program (PEQ): This program is popular among international students who have completed their post-secondary education in Quebec, as well as foreign skilled workers with work experience in the province.
3. Business Immigration Programs: Quebec offers immigration programs for entrepreneurs and self-employed individuals who wish to establish and run a business in the province, as well as immigrant investors who want to obtain permanent residence.
Quebec's immigration system operates on a points-based system, where applicants are evaluated based on various factors, including education, work experience, language proficiency, age, and adaptability. Successful applicants who are granted a CSQ can then apply for permanent residence with the federal government through the IRCC.
Atlantic Immigration Program
The Atlantic Immigration Program (AIP) is an immigration program designed for employers in the Atlantic Canada region, which includes New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. The AIP aims to assist employers in attracting and retaining skilled foreign workers to address the region's labor market needs.
Under the AIP, employers can offer a job to a suitable foreign candidate without the need to conduct a Labor Market Impact Assessment (LMIA). Once the candidate accepts the job offer, the employer must refer them to a designated settlement service organization that will help them develop a settlement plan.
Employers may also be able to offer a temporary work permit to candidates to fill the position quickly. The AIP provides opportunities for both skilled and intermediate-skilled workers, as well as international graduates who wish to establish their careers in Atlantic Canada.
Other Federal Skilled Worker Programs
Rural and Northern Immigration Pilot (RNIP) The RNIP allows small and remote communities across Canada to attract and retain foreign workers. Participating communities take the lead in attracting new immigrants and matching them with suitable jobs.
Agri-Food Immigration Pilot The Agri-Food Immigration Pilot provides a pathway to Canadian permanent residence for eligible temporary foreign workers in the Agriculture and Agri-Food industry. Candidates need to have completed 12 months of work experience, hold a high school diploma, and meet minimum language requirements to be eligible.
Home Child Care Provider Pilot This program provides a pathway to permanent residence for foreign child care providers. Applicants are required to have at least two years of work experience as a home child care provider and meet other eligibility criteria.
Home Support Worker Pilot The Home Support Worker Pilot provides a pathway to permanent residence for foreign home support workers. Applicants are required to have at least two years of work experience as a home support worker and meet other eligibility criteria.
